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Temperature Controller
Temperature control is a process in which the temperature of an object is measured and the passage of heat energy into or out of the object is adjusted to achieve a desired temperature.
A thermostat is a simple example for a closed control loop: It constantly measures the current temperature and controls the heater's valve setting to increase or decrease the room temperature according the user-defined setting. A simple method switches the heater or cooler either completely on, or completely off, and an overshoot and undershoot of the controlled temperature must be expected. A more expensive method varies the amount of heat or cooling provided by the heater or cooler depending on the difference between the required temperature (the "Set
point") and the actual temperature. This minimizes over/undershoot.
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Temperature Indicator
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Many methods have been developed for measuring temperature. Most of these rely on measuring some physical property of a working material that varies with temperature.
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Level Controller
The conductance method of liquid level measurement is based on the electrical conductance of the measured material, which is usually a liquid that can conduct a current with a low-voltage source (normally <20 V). Hence the method is also referred to as a conductivity system. Conductance is a relatively low-cost, simple method to detect and control level in a vessel. One common way to set up an electrical circuit is to use a dual-tip probe that eliminates the need for grounding a metal tank. Such probes are generally used for point level detection, and the detected point can be the interface between a conductive and nonconductive liquid.
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Electronic Relays
A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contacts. It was invented by Joseph Henry in 1835. Because a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered, in a broad sense, to be a form of an electrical amplifier.
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Electronic Timers
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Digital timers can achieve higher precision than mechanical timers because they are quartz clocks with special electronics. Integrated circuits have made digital logic so inexpensive that an electronic digital timer is now less expensive than many mechanical and electromechanical timers. Individual timers are implemented as a simple single-chip computer system, similar to a watch. Watch technology is used in these devices.
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Electronic
Counters
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The conventional counter is
a digital electronic device which measures the frequency of an input
signal. It may also have been designed to perform related basic
measurements including the period of the input signal, ratio of the
frequency of two input signals, time interval between two events and
totalizing a specific group of events.
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Electronic Sequencers
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A sequencer is something that either generates or analyzes a sequence, or triggers events in timed fashion.
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Electronic Scanners
- This is a
Microprocessor based unit to display the parameter of more than
one points in a process. Indicator, through program, scan the
parameter of each point and displays it. Temperature setting can
be done either by keypad or by set of thumbwheel switches.
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